Weather: 19 - 31°C
Label: Historical Monument
Tags: Water Mill, Architecture, History, Sufi Heritage
Category: Heritage Site, Tourist Attraction
Timings: 6:30 AM - 9:30 PM
Time Required: 1-2 hours
Entry Fee:
- Indians: INR 5
- Foreigners: INR 100
Also Referred To As: Nehar-e-Panchakki
Panchakki: A Marvel of Ancient Engineering and Beauty
Located near the iconic Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad, Panchakki is a historical water mill complex that offers a perfect blend of architectural brilliance and natural beauty. Built during the 17th century, Panchakki was designed as a unique utility structure to grind grains for the local pilgrims. Its name, which translates to ‘water mill,’ comes from its primary function, but the complex also includes a court, madrasa, mosque, houses for women, and a sarai (inn).
What makes this complex so remarkable is its advanced water supply system. The water for the mill is sourced from a spring located 6 km away, a tributary of the Harsul River. The water is transported through earthen pipes, showcasing the ingenious engineering skills of the era. The water flows through these pipes to a raised reservoir and is then used to power the water mill, which grinds grains. This system not only ensured a steady water supply but also demonstrates a brilliant use of physics and engineering principles.
The complex is set amidst lush greenery, with the calm waters of the reservoir reflecting the sky like a mirror. A 300-year-old banyan tree stands tall by the mill, adding to the charm of this historical site.
Key Attractions at Panchakki
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Library: Panchakki houses a library that was closed to the public for 70 years. It holds a collection of around 2,500 books in multiple languages, including Arabic, Persian, and Urdu, covering subjects like medicine, philosophy, law, and Sufism. The library also preserves a precious copy of the Holy Quran with golden covers.
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Hazrat Baba Shah Musafir Memorial: Panchakki is also home to the cenotaph of Hazrat Baba Shah Musafir, a revered Sufi saint and spiritual advisor to Aurangzeb. The memorial garden is peaceful, with fish tanks adding to the serene atmosphere.
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Picturesque Views: The views surrounding Panchakki are breathtaking. From here, visitors can see Kaula Nala, the old bridges with pointed arches, and the Shah Musafir garden nestled between city walls and a serene water body. Majestic fountains dot the landscape, adding a touch of joy to the serene surroundings.
Historical Significance of Panchakki
Panchakki was constructed by Turktaz Khan, a noble in the court of Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah, during the 17th century. The magnificent structure and its advanced water-based engineering system made it a marvel of its time. Originally built for grain grinding and power generation from a flowing spring, Panchakki showcases how ingenuity and utility were seamlessly integrated with beauty.
The fountains, reservoir, and the serene surroundings reflect the architectural and scientific foresight that went into building the complex. The addition of flowering fountains and the wide reservoir about 20 years later by Jamil Beg Khan only enhanced the charm and utility of the site.
How Panchakki Works: An Engineering Wonder
The water that powers Panchakki flows through underwater pipes to a masonry pillar, where it is stored in a raised reservoir. From there, it is released to generate power by rotating turbines. Surplus water is safely directed into the Kham River, ensuring sustainability and environmental safety.
How to Reach Panchakki
Panchakki is situated just 1 km from the city center of Aurangabad, making it easily accessible. The nearest bus stop is Ghati bus stop, located only 350 meters away from the site. If you're traveling by train, the Aurangabad Railway Station is about 4 km away, a short 12-minute drive. Public buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws are commonly available for convenient transport.
